Which of the following describes compensatory mechanisms in response to early shock?

• A. Increased HR, vasoconstriction, increased respirations
• B. Bradycardia, vasodilation, decreased respirations
• C. Hypotension with reduced perfusion
• D. Decreased heart rate, peripheral dilation, decreased respirations

Answer: (A)

Early shock triggers the body's compensatory response to preserve blood pressure and tissue perfusion. The sympathetic system increases heart rate and contractility to raise cardiac output, constricts peripheral vessels to raise systemic vascular resistance, and boosts respiratory rate to improve oxygen delivery. This combination maintains blood pressure despite reduced volume. The option that describes increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and increased respirations aligns with this compensatory pattern. The other descriptions reflect either a failing compensatory response or a decompensated state, such as bradycardia with vasodilation and reduced respirations, or hypotension with poor perfusion.