Which layer is the outer skin layer?

• A. Dermis
• B. Subcutaneous Layer
• C. Cartilage
• D. Epidermis

Answer: (D)

The outer layer of the skin is the epidermis. It’s made of keratinizing epithelial cells that form a tough, protective surface. Cells divide in the deepest part and move outward, becoming dead and keratin-filled in the outermost layer. The epidermis is avascular, getting nutrients by diffusion from the underlying dermis, and its main role is to act as a barrier against pathogens, chemicals, and water loss. Beneath it lies the dermis, which provides strength and houses blood vessels, nerves, and glands, while the subcutaneous layer sits below the dermis and is mainly adipose tissue. Cartilage is not part of the skin.