Multi-organ failure is defined as…

• A. Failure of multiple systems due to shock
• B. Failure of one organ
• C. Respiratory failure only
• D. Cardiac arrest

Answer: (A)

Two or more organ systems failing together signifies multi-organ failure, reflecting widespread organ dysfunction from a severe systemic problem. It often arises in shock, where reduced blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues injure multiple organs, and the inflammatory response can amplify damage. The option describing failure of multiple systems due to shock fits this picture by capturing both the breadth of organ involvement and the common precipitating state. In contrast, statements about a single organ failing, respiratory failure alone, or cardiac arrest describe more limited conditions or events and don’t convey the simultaneous dysfunction across several systems.