A severe allergic reaction affecting multiple organ systems?

• A. Diabetes Mellitus
• B. Anaphylaxis
• C. Insulin
• D. Glucagon

Answer: (B)

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that involves multiple organ systems. It happens when an allergen triggers IgE-mediated activation of mast cells and basophils, releasing mediators like histamine that cause widespread effects: skin manifestations such as flushing or hives, airway swelling and bronchoconstriction leading to breathing difficulties, sudden dilation and increased permeability of blood vessels causing a drop in blood pressure, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Because it can rapidly progress to airway obstruction and shock, urgent treatment with epinephrine and supportive care is essential. The other terms are not this condition: diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder, while insulin and glucagon are hormones used to regulate blood glucose, not a systemic allergic reaction.